THE LEGAL CONCEPTIONS OF HANS KELSEN AND EUGEN EHRLICH: WEIGHTING HUMAN RIGHTS AND SOVEREIGNTY
Abstract
Este artigo considera a relevância das concepções jurídicas de Eugen Ehrlich e Hans Kelsen para os debates contemporâneos sobre direitos humanos e seus limites. Afirma-se que as concepções de Ehrlich e Kelsen reforçam uma abordagem multifacetada do Direito e, ao mesmo tempo, asseguram a autonomia humana e a liberdade em face das "grandes narrativas" e das intervenções governamentais. Essa perspectiva abre uma variedade de oportunidades para uma melhor compreensão do equilíbrio entre os interesses individuais e coletivos, entre o significado dos direitos e a soberania. Ambas as concepções são ainda atuais para os debates nos campos do Direito Internacional, do Direito Constitucional e da Filosofia do Direito sobre os limites dos direitos humanos e sobre as condições epistêmicas de identificação destes direitos, de compreensão de como esses direitos são e, ao mesmo tempo, podem reivindicar um caráter universal, permanecendo culturalmente incorporados. O princípio e o valor da relatividade que sustentam a Teoria Pura do Direito de Kelsen e a Sociologia do Direito de Ehrlich são de particular importância para a discussão da “universalidade relativa” dos direitos humanos.
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