Tribunais internacionais de direitos humanos e o Estado de Direito (internacional):
Parte da solução, parte do problema ou ambos?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25192/ISSN.1982-0496.RDFD.V.30.I.2909Resumo
Críticos contestam os tribunais internacionais por sua interferência nos processos democráticos internos e por supostas violações dos padrões do Estado de Direito: eles alegam que esses guardiões do Estado de Direito não estão, eles próprios, bem protegidos. Essas preocupações não devem ser descartadas apressadamente como mero desabafo de políticos populistas insatisfeitos. Este artigo foca nos tribunais regionais de direitos humanos e argumenta que os mesmos interesses e valores que justificam, em âmbito doméstico, os padrões do Estado de Direito — como imparcialidade, independência e responsabilização — também justificam a aplicação de padrões semelhantes para os tribunais internacionais. Com foco na Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos e na sua doutrina da margem de apreciação, o artigo demonstra como essa doutrina pode contribuir para a realização do Estado de Direito, mas também pode colocá-lo em risco. Isso exige mudanças na doutrina para garantir que os padrões centrais do Estado de Direito — como a previsibilidade e a proteção contra a discricionariedade arbitrária — sejam respeitados.
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